RSpec增加了众所翘首以待的RBehave功能以供集成测试所需

作者 Sean Miller 译者 张海龙 发布于 2007年10月31日

领域

架构 & 设计,

过程 & 实践,

语言 & 开发

主题

质量交付 ,

Ruby ,

客户及需求 ,

敏捷

标签

RSpec ,

测试 ,

行为驱动开发 ,

RBehave

RSpec是 一个为Ruby编写的基于行为驱动开发（简称BDD，即Behaviour-Driven Development）的验收测试框架，同时也可用于Java（事实上它一直都可以运行于JRuby中），它提供了一种机制，即由开发人员从业务中获取 验收标准并将它们转换为可读、可运行的示例，以此替代文档、测试和适用于业务的构建报告。

尽管RSpec对单元级测试很有用，但它在集成测试中一直存在一个盲点。Dan North创建了一个独立的扩展，RBehave，它用Given…With…Then…这样的格式以一系列的步骤从故事级别来描述行为。（North最早是在JBehave中描述了这种用于获得需求故事的模式）

David Chelimsky现在已经向RSpec trunk中合并了一个纯文本故事运行器（Plain Text Story Runner），它给RSpec添加了RBehave功能，就像他在 他的 博客中描述的那样。

现在看看North的经典RBehave示例：

So, North's classic RBehave example:

require ‘rubygems’
require ‘rbehave’
require ’spec’ # for "should" method

require ‘account’ # the actual application code

Story "transfer to cash account",
%(As a savings account holder
  I want to transfer money from my savings account
  So that I can get cash easily from an ATM) do

  Scenario "savings account is in credit" do
    Given "my savings account balance is", 100 do |balance|
      @savings_account = Account.new(balance)
    end
    Given "my cash account balance is", 10 do |balance|
      @cash_account = Account.new(balance)
    end
    When "I transfer", 20 do |amount|
      @savings_account.transfer_to(@cash_account, amount)
    end
    Then "my savings account balance should be", 80 do |expected_amount|
      @savings_account.balance.should == expected_amount
    end
    Then "my cash account balance should be", 30 do |expected_amount|
      @cash_account.balance.should == expected_amount
    end
  end

  Scenario "savings account is overdrawn" do
    Given "my savings account balance is", -20
    Given "my cash account balance is", 10
    When "I transfer", 20
    Then "my savings account balance should be", -20
    Then "my cash account balance should be", 10
  end
end

在新的RSpec中它可以变成这样，由一个Ruby文件定义可用的步骤：

class AccountSteps < Spec::Story::StepGroup
  steps do |define|
    define.given("my savings account balance is $balance") do |balance|
      @savings_account = Account.new(balance.to_f)
    end

    define.given("my cash account balance is $balance" do |balance|
      @cash_account = Account.new(balance.to_f)
    end

    define.then("my savings account balance should be $expected_amount" do |expected_amount|
      @savings_account.balance.should == expected_amount.to_f
    end

    define.then("my cash account balance should be $expected_amount" do |expected_amount|
      @cash_account.balance.should == expected_amount.to_f
    end
  end
end

steps = AccountSteps.new do |define|
  define.when("I transfer $amount") do |amount|
    @savings_account.transfer_to(@cash_account, amount.to_f)
  end
end

在一个纯文本文件中按照那些步骤定义故事的行为：

Story: transfer to cash account
  As a savings account holder
  I want to transfer money from my savings account
  So that I can get cash easily from an ATM

  Scenario: savings account is in credit
    Given my savings account balance is 100
    And my cash account balance is 10
    When I transfer 20
    Then my savings account balance should be 80
    And my cash account balance should be 30

  Scenario: savings account is overdrawn
    Given my savings account balance is -20
    And my cash account balance is 10
    When I transfer 20
    Then my savings account balance should be -20
    And my cash account balance should be 10

由一个Ruby文件将他们粘在一起，并运行这些故事：

require 'spec'
require 'path/to/your/library/files'
require 'path/to/file/that/defines/account_steps.rb'

# assumes the other story file is named the same as this file minus ".rb"
runner = Spec::Story::Runner::PlainTextStoryRunner.new(File.expand_path(__FILE__).gsub(".rb",""))
runner.steps << AccountSteps.new
runner.run

纯文本文件中的那些步骤描述，必须与StepGroup中定义的步骤相匹配，这些描述可能会随着步骤数量的增加变得难以理解。Aslak Hellesøy正在为一个基于浏览器的编缉器工作，它将提供步骤的自动补全，并可以在恰当的位置对参数进行编辑，从而使这一问题得以简化。

查看英文原文：RSpec Trunk Now Includes RBehave-like Story Runner

1. 返回顶部

   RSpec 用起来还是相当棒的

   发表人 cao Raecoo

   RSpec 用起来还是相当棒的
   特别是以测试代码来表现文档,不需要再去特意撰写相关文档
   希望有机会可以和大家一起交流
   raecoo AT gmail.com

   回复

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