Is C# becoming a functional language?

Posted by Jonathan Allen on Jan 26, 2007

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Development

Topics

.NET ,

.NET Framework

Tags

LINQ ,

Visual Basic.NET ,

Functional Programming ,

C#

With the extensive functionality added to support LINQ, many people have been asking if C# and VB are becoming functional languages. Mads Torgersen, C# Language PM, answers this question in his article by the same name.

The first area he addresses is expression-orientated constructors. By allowing any property to be set in the constructor, developers can easily compose nested constructors. Currently the class's author has to guess which properties the developer may want to set during initialization, and without optional parameters, these lists could become quite long.

The next area is value-based programming, an area that Mads admits C# is still weak in. While writing immutable types is possible, there is some overhead such as manually overloading the hash code and equality operators.

With anonymous types, C# and VB get one-step closer to true dynamic typing. They are not there yet, but at least you do not have to create so many trivial classes.

Pattern matching and tuples are two more areas that you will not be seeing in C# any time soon. You will however see extended support for C#'s anonymous functions and lambda expressions. There is even a way to curry functions, though as Mads says, "it ain’t pretty".

Finally, C# will support type inference. Besides making anonymous types possible, type inference can significantly reduce the amount of redundant code a developer has to write. This is one reason why dynamic typing has been praised so much recently. But unlike true dynamic typing, the compiler still outputs statically checked early bound code.

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   leading over java

   by Joost de Vries

   As a java developer I have to say; c# is leading the way.
   Hopefully java will follow.
   
   I never realized that Microsofts interest in functional programming is tied to the usefulness of functional programming in parrallel programming. The multicores are coming...

   Reply

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   Re: leading over java

   by Jonathan Allen

   If you really want to see where Microsoft is going with all this, take a look at PLINQ. PLINQ talk at DAMP
   
   You can also watch for more PLINQ articles from InfoQ at www.infoq.com/PLINQ/.

   Reply

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   Thoughts about Java, C# future and functional relationships

   by Dominique De Vito

   I have tried in 2005 to sketch here the overall move of Java, C#, their future and the relationships with functional languages. This sketch is still online with reality. It give also hints about multi-core perspective and the Java/C# move to functional languages.
   
   And into another post, more ramblings on programming languages, I have tried too to give more thoughts about this move, and reasons why such "exotic" languages, like functional languages, have NO intrinsic performance problems.

   Reply

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