The Common Language Specification ensures that any conforming .NET language can access libraries created by any other language. This means imperative languages like VB and C# can call functional libraries created primarily for F#. In fact, many can be converted directly into C# code.
Dustin Campbell illustrates this by showing how even simple C# expressions can be reduced in length. He starts with this code,
int[] a = new int[20];
for (int x = 0; x < a.Length; x++)
a[x] = x + 1;
Instead of a specific code recipe, this F# code says (in a more declarative fashion), "create an array of 20 elements, and use this function to initialize each element." An interesting feature of the F# version is that the type of the array is never declared. Because the compiler can infer that the result of the passed function (fun x -> x + 1) will be an int, "a" must be an int array.
To me, this code is beautiful. In addition, it is declarative instead of imperative; it describes what should be done but doesn't dictate exactly how it should be done. When I see such elegant code, I immediately start trying to figure out which of its aspects could be used to improve the code in my daily C# work.
Dustin goes on to show a C# function that allows for this syntax.
var a = ArrayEx.Create(20, x => x + 1);
It should be noted that these techniques work equally well in VB.