Agile Is a Culture Not a Process

Jeff Patton suggest that Agile is really a culture that generates process and not just a process and that should directly affect the way we teach others to Adopt Agile.  He introduces this idea with a lunch conversation:

Sitting with my friend Jonathan at lunch last week, we were talking about the process changes he felt like he was being cornered into making. He was adding more teams, and teams were growing. Things needed to change. Jonathan was justifiably concerned that all the new process being added would erode at the fluid communication and teamwork he’d worked so hard to promote. “How do you keep those things in your process?” He wondered. After talking a bit we decided that those things weren’t really process points – rather they were part of his company’s culture. These were the things he and others in his company valued.

Once in a while I feel particularly wise. It’s fleeting, and sometimes I get a “false positive” – stupid ideas that sound wise. But I said this, and it sounded wise enough to Jonathan.

Culture is process. Identify your culture and promote that.

Jeff goes on to suggest that culture actually generates process:

culture doesn't dictate a precise process, cultural values supported by teaching structures embedded in cultures and enforcement structures such as norms and mores all lead to a commonly understood process.

Jeff then discusses what it means for Agile to be a culture.  According to Jeff, the culture of Agile includes stories, heroes, myths, legends and jokes such as the C3 project (a legend in the XP world), Ward Cunningham and Big Dave Thomas (heroes), and the chicken and pig joke behind Scrum.  The culture of Agile involves values, norms, takeaways, and taboos such as the Agile Manifesto (values) and YAGNI and BDUF (taboos).  The culture of Agile is a world unto itself that those immersed in it for years pick up in bits and pieces along the way.

So what?  How should this affect how we help others enter the Agile world?

1. Underscore agile values that motivate practice I find it more necessary to highlight and underscore the values that motivate the process or technique I'm speaking about.

2. Identify organization values that compete with agile values When I sense concern from someone about a particular agile process point or practice, I work to identify the agile value the process supports and to identify what's valuable to the person with the concern. I'm looking for a conflict of values.

3. Be sensitive to culture shock I'm more sensitive to culture shock. The terminology, stories, and ritual that agile is chocked full of are bound to make anyone feel a bit uncomfortable. In particular, people who've spend a great number of years working in software development may be feeling something they haven't felt for many years – uncomfortable doing their own jobs. They may feel like someone has drugged them, put them on an airplane, and dropped them off on a foreign country without their consent. They may have incorrectly assumed they were just learning a new process.

We've always known that there was an Agile culture.  Jeff takes this a step further by suggesting that Agile IS a culture and the process and practices are generated from that culture.  Therefore we should teach culture first and foremost.